4 oz artichoke/cynara scolymus extract we prepare our artichoke extract from the leaf & flower bud of cynara scolymus plants which are certified organically cultivated on ourown farm without the use of chemical fertilizers pesticides or herbicides To assure optimal extraction of artichokespounds the plants are handharvested at their optimal potency are carefully shade-dried and are then thoroughly extracted Our artichoke is never fumigated or irradiated Dry herb / menstruum ratio: 1: 5