Nutrients are substances required by algae for survival; they are collectively involved in all aspects of the biological and chemical reactions that allow algae to function properly. Brightwell Aquatics ChaetoGro provides these substances in concentrations found by researchers to be necessary for long-term health. These elements, and some of the processes that they are involved in, are: Potassium - Protein synthesis, water and charge balance, enzyme activation. Boron - Chlorophyll production, flowering, root growth, cell function. Carbon - Required for all organic compounds. Calcium - Cell wall stability and permeability, enzyme activation, cell response to stimuli. Chlorine - Water and charge balance, photosynthesis. Iron - Required for photosynthesis, component of enzymes utilized in redox reactions. Magnesium - Component of chlorophyll, enzyme activation. Manganese - Formation of amino acids, enzyme activation. Molybdenum and Cobalt - Required for nitrate reduction. Nickel - Enzyme activation, processing of nitrogenous material. Sulfur - Component of proteins and the coenzymes that are involved with nutrient utilization and growth. Zinc - Chlorophyll production, enzyme activation. ChaetoGro does not contain phosphorus or nitrogen.